Navigating the world of non-woven materials can feel overwhelming. With so many options available, how do you choose the right one for your needs? This comprehensive guide explores the top 10 non-woven materials, highlighting their unique properties, applications, and benefits. We at Favourite Fab are experts in non-woven fabric solutions. We’ll help you understand the differences between spunbond, meltblown, and other non-woven fabric types.
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Unlike woven or knitted fabrics, non-woven materials are manufactured by bonding fibers together. This process creates a fabric-like structure without weaving or knitting. Because of this, non-woven materials offer distinct advantages, such as enhanced strength, absorbency, and breathability. Moreover, they are incredibly versatile and find applications in various industries.
Offering excellent durability and wrinkle resistance, polyester non-woven fabric is ideal for automotive interiors, filtration, and apparel.
Highly absorbent and soft, rayon non-woven fabric is often used in medical and hygiene products.
Derived from natural fibers, cellulose non-woven fabric is biodegradable and eco-friendly, making it suitable for wipes and disposable products.
Combining two different polymers, bicomponent non-woven fabrics offer unique properties tailored to specific applications, such as hygiene products and filtration.
Made from renewable resources, PLA (Polylactic Acid) non-woven fabric is a sustainable alternative for packaging and disposable items.
Known for its strength and recyclability, PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) non-woven fabric is used in geotextiles, automotive, and filtration.
Created by bonding filaments, spunbond non-woven fabric is strong and durable, used in various applications, from medical to agriculture.
Made from melted polymers, meltblown non-woven fabric offers excellent filtration properties and is crucial for face masks and medical gowns.
Mechanically bonded, needlepunch non-woven fabric is known for its strength and durability, commonly used in automotive interiors and geotextiles.
Understanding non woven material properties is crucial for selecting the right material. Factors such as non woven material strength, non woven material absorbency, non woven material breathability, non woven material durability, and non woven material biodegradability play a significant role in determining suitability for different applications.
For instance, non woven materials for medical applications prioritize hygiene and biocompatibility. Similarly, non woven materials for filtration require specific pore sizes and filtration efficiencies. Other common applications include non woven materials for hygiene, non woven materials for automotive, non woven materials for geotextiles, and non woven materials for agriculture.
Selecting the appropriate non-woven material depends on various factors, including the desired properties, application requirements, and budget. Therefore, consulting with experts like Favourite Fab can help you make informed decisions and optimize your material selection.
What are the different types of non-woven fabrics? Several types exist, including spunbond, meltblown, needlepunch, airlaid, thermal bonded, and chemically bonded. Each offers unique properties and applications.
What are the raw materials used in non-woven fabrics? Common raw materials include polypropylene, polyester, rayon, cellulose, PLA, and PET.
In most European countries, fabric weight is measured in grams per square metre (g/m2). Simply put, it indicates the density of the fabric — how dense individual fibres are within the fabric. In English-speaking countries, fabric weight is often expressed in ounces per yard squared (oz/yd2).
The finest fabrics (almost spider-web thin) weigh 12 g/m2, and the thickest ones up to 150 g/m2.
Nonwoven fabrics of 30 g/m2 and more are used for industrial processing. “Most often, we process spunbonds weighing 30, 45, 50, 70 or 100 g/m2. Should our client require a different GSM, we get it for them,” explains Milan Polouček, the Managing Director of Milmar.
Lighter nonwovens (weighing fewer g/m²) are less costly compared to thicker fabrics. The price per kilo is the same for both; however, you get more fabric per kilo when purchasing light nonwovens.
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Nonwovens made with the unique spunbond method are often used to cover garden plants. White fabrics of 17 or 19 g/m2 weight are utilised in the growing season to protect plants from aphids and other pests or from late frosts.
Thicker nonwovens of 30 g/m2 weight provide plant frost protection. They’re usually beige, while thinner nonwoven covers are white.
Another type of nonwovens is landscape fabric for strawberry fields, usually of 45, 50 or 70 g/m2 in weight.
Many companies use nonwovens or nonwoven bags for packaging. “The most suitable fabric for packaging weighs 30, 40 or 50 g/m2, it is pliable and fits products of various sizes and shapes. That said, the weight of the product needs to be considered. If it is too heavy, it is better to use a fabric with a higher GSM,” adds Milan Polouček.
Nonwovens are also used as padding between individual products in bulk packaging; nonwoven liners are made from 30 g/m2 fabric. Nevertheless, we recommend choosing higher GSM liners for heavy products.
Nonwovens are used in various industries, including upholstery mainly for sofas and armchairs production. Nonwovens make a perfect foam seat cover — a more heavyweight piece of fabric is necessary (usually of 100 g/m2 weight).
Nonwovens are also popular in the health industry for various types of protective equipment. For example, fabric weight for face masks ranges between 25–30 g/m2.
Fabric weight (or density) affects properties of nonwovens, such as their tensile strength, breaking point, tear resistance, and air and water permeability. Here’s how it works.
Tensile Strength
This indicates the strength of the fabric. Tensile strength test in a lab looks like this: a strip of fabric is clamped in a tearing machine to measure the force that must be exerted before the fabric strip breaks.
Breaking Point
A strip of nonwoven fabric is loaded with a weight to measure how much the fabric stretches before it breaks. The higher the value, the more elastic the fabric.
Tear Resistance
Nonwoven fabric is torn in the middle (length-wise) and gets tested to determine how much force must be applied to widen the tear. The higher the value, the higher the tear resistance.
Here’s how individual values change with a different GSM.
Weight Tensile Strength Breaking Point Tear Resistance Method EDANA 20.2-89 EDANA 20.2-89 EDANA 70.4-99 Unit g/m2 N/5 cm % N Direction MD CD MD CD MD CD 16 26 24 53 58 17 18 17 26 24 53 58 17 18 19 35 24 55 58 20 20 23 40 28 55 58 25 28 30 45 40 75 80 35 35 35 53 50 80 87 43 45 40 65 60 90 95 50 55 45 75 70 92 97 56 61 50 90 85 95 100 65 70 60 110 105 100 110 75 80 70 120 115 105 110 85 90 80 135 130 100 110 93 98 90 155 150 95 100 103 105 100 165 155 85 95 108 113 110 175 160 80 90 115 120 120 190 180 80 90 125 130 130 195 190 75 90 130 135 140 200 195 70 85 135 140 150 205 200 50 70 140 145Download our datasheet for spunbond nonwoven fabrics
Choosing Your Perfect Nonwoven. What Else to Consider?
In addition to the appropriate weight, consider other properties of nonwovens, such as:
At Milmar, we are happy to help you choose the best nonwoven. We recommend the suitable weight of the fabric and even customise our products for you.
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