How Does pilates wood reformer Work?

01 Sep.,2025

 

The Ultimate Guide to the Pilates Reformer | Balanced Body

By Portia Page
Education Curriculum Coordinator for Balanced Body

If you want to learn more, please visit our website gymfrog.

Welcome to the most popular and versatile piece of Pilates equipment: the Reformer! With bars and pulleys and ropes, Pilates Reformers can appear intimidating at first, especially to beginners. But this unique fitness and rehabilitation machine offers unparalleled benefits. Let’s dive in.

Jump to a Section:

  • What is a Pilates Reformer?
  • How does a Reformer work?
  • What are the benefits of using a Reformer?
  • Who can use a Pilates Reformer?
  • Pilates Reformer classes

What is a Pilates Reformer?

A Pilates Reformer is a specialized piece of exercise equipment designed to enhance Pilates workouts. It consists of a flat platform (carriage) that rolls back and forth on wheels within a wood or metal frame. The carriage is attached to one end of the Reformer by a set of springs, which provide variable resistance.

In traditional mat Pilates, your body provides both resistance and assistance for each movement. A Reformer offers more exercise options since it can be adjusted to provide extra challenge or extra support. It also offers truly assistive movement, which makes it an excellent rehabilitation tool for physical therapists alongside fitness users.

How Does a Pilates Reformer Work?

The Pilates Reformer operates through a system of springs and pulleys that create resistance as the carriage moves. Users can perform a wide range of exercises by using their body weight and the springs for resistance through different types of motion and in all positions (supine, prone, side lying, seated and standing).

Components of a Reformer

  • Springs: The springs provide resistance for each exercise, offering extra challenge or extra support. Adjusting the springs alters the difficulty of moving the carriage, making it versatile for various fitness levels or goals. Use a single spring or a combination of springs to adjust each exercise.
  • Springbar: Springs are connected from this bar to the carriage. On some Reformers, the position of the springbar can be adjusted to accommodate users of different sizes.
  • Footbar: You can push off the footbar to move the carriage and start an exercise. Footbars with adjustable positions can better accommodate different users and ranges of motion.
  • Carriage: Depending on the type of exercise, you can lay, sit, kneel or stand on the carriage. Pushing off the footbar or pulling on the ropes moves the carriage smoothly along the rails. A headrest and shoulder rests attached to the carriage provide stability and comfort.
  • Ropes: Reformer ropes run from the carriage through pulleys to your hands or feet. The ropes can be connected to loops or handles to help customize the grip and movement for a given exercise. Some traditional Reformers use leather straps and casters instead of ropes and pulleys.

Reformer Accessories

There are several Pilates Reformer accessories that can be used to enhance your workout:

  • Sitting Box: sit or lay on a sitting box placed on the carriage to do more versatile exercises, like side stretching, prone, supine, and arm work. The Sitting Box also allows for more advanced abdominal exercises (using the foot strap as a foot hold) as well as a prop to support the back and spine in exercises like Stomach Massage.
  • Jumpboard: attaching a jumpboard to the Reformer allows you to do running and jumping exercises while laying on the carriage, which is a great way to incorporate cardio and strength work into your Reformer workout.
  • Tower: adding a tower to the end of the Pilates Reformer dramatically increases the exercise options without taking up additional space. The mat conversion allows the Reformer to be used as a Mat and the use of the Tower allows the versatility of springs for standing arms and leg work as well as seated work utilizing the roll down bar for seated roll backs and other more complex exercises.
  • Straps, Loops & Handles: attaching straps or switching out handles and loops allows Reformer exercises to be easily customized.

Benefits of Using a Pilates Reformer

Using a Reformer takes the effectiveness and versatility of traditional Pilates to the next level. Pilates Reformer exercises help improve strength, flexibility, and balance by focusing on controlled, precise movements. The Reformer allows for a wide range of motion, which facilitates deep muscle engagement across multiple muscle groups. The result? A full-body workout that strengthens and tones muscles, with a low impact on the joints.

One major benefit of using the Pilates Reformer is enhanced core strength and improved posture, leading to better balance and coordination. This makes it an effective exercise for older adults as well as an excellent tool for injury rehabilitation.

Who Can Use a Pilates Reformer?

Almost anyone can use a Pilates Reformer! Low impact movement and adjustable resistance means that Reformer workouts are suitable for both beginners as well as advanced users. They are particularly beneficial for:

  • Fitness Enthusiasts who are looking to enhance their core strength, flexibility, and overall fitness
  • Pilates Beginners who are eager to reap the physical and mental benefits of Pilates
  • Rehabilitation Patients who require low-impact exercises to aid in recovery and preventing future injuries
  • Athletes who want to improve performance through targeted muscle conditioning and injury prevention
  • Older Adults who need a safe and effective way to maintain fitness and mobility

Always consult your doctor before beginning any new exercise program

Pilates Reformer Classes

Pilates Reformer classes are typically conducted in a group setting, led by a certified instructor. These classes are structured to guide participants through a series of exercises that utilize the Reformer’s capabilities to target different muscle groups. This includes the Pilates repertoire as well as foundational movement principles and how to use fitness exercises on the Reformer.

Classes usually start with a warm-up, followed by a sequence of exercises focusing on strength, flexibility, and balance. The instructor adjusts the resistance levels and provides modifications to accommodate various fitness levels and goals. More advanced classes may include props and other tools like the Pilates chair to ramp up the workout’s impact.

Role of Certified Pilates Instructors

Certified Pilates instructors play a crucial role in the effectiveness and safety of Pilates Reformer workouts. They are trained to tailor exercises to individual needs and fitness levels, and adapt exercises for those with limitations or specific goals. By ensuring proper form and technique, Pilates instructors help maximize the benefits of the Reformer while minimizing the risk for injury. Crucially, trained Pilates teachers offer the motivation, support and expert advice that participants need to achieve their fitness goals!

About the Author

What is Reformer Pilates? - An Introduction

Have you heard of the Pilates reformer?

You might think it sounds like a Victorian punishment but it’s actually an amazing piece of workout kit!

If you’ve ever set foot inside a Pilates studio, or seen inside a Reformer class, you might think that these leather-clad beds with all their straps and springs look a bit intimidating.
Whilst these machines might look like they belong in a torture chamber, we promise that using them does amazing things for your body.

The reformer is just one of the pieces of large equipment that you can find in a Pilates studio, alongside the barrel, pilates trapeze table and Pilates chair.

This large Pilates equipment is the most effective way of practising the Pilates method.

“You can exercise without machines” Joseph Pilates once said, “but it’s not as efficient.” That’s because Pilates equipment is uniquely designed to be able to either assist or challenge you during your workout, so it can meet everyone where they are and no people work out in the same way.

In this blog, we answer these two questions – What is reformer Pilates and why is it beneficial?

The Pilates Reformer Machine

The reformer is one of the original pieces of equipment designed by Joseph Pilates, the man who invented the Pilates method. Thanks to the growing success of reformer group classes it is also probably the most famous piece of Pilates equipment.

For those of you not familiar with the reformer, we’ve got you covered. Below you’ll find a description of the main features of a reformer. A brief introduction as to how it works and the benefits of using it.

Pilates reformer – What is it?

The reformer consists of a bed-like rectangular frame. Depending on whether the reformer is a classical studio version or a contemporary model, this frame is made from either wood or metal.

On top of the frame sits a padded platform known as the carriage. The carriage is attached to hidden runners and so is able to slide up and down the length of the frame freely.

Design elements like this makes the smooth execution of exercises possible. This helps practitioners achieve the “flow” Pilates principle.

Are you interested in learning more about pilates wood reformer? Contact us today to secure an expert consultation!

At one end of the reformer frame is the foot bar. This is adjustable. It can be moved to change the size of the reformer to accommodate for different heights. The foot bar can also be quickly lowered or raised if an exercise requires it.

The carriage is attached to this end of the reformer with a series of springs in a range of spring tensions. These springs are only hooked on to the frame, though, and are easily removed.

By adjusting the spring tension in this way, the resistance provided by the reformer is altered. Exercises are made either easier or more difficult. Surprisingly, one light spring is often more challenging than several heavier ones.

At the opposite end of the frame are two long ropes with loop handles attached to pulleys. When it comes to the loop handles there is usually an option of a small one and a large one. The smaller ones are intended for hands and the larger ones are designed for feet.

The reformer carriage has other features such as shoulder pads (to stop you from sliding off when you’re lying down) and an adjustable headrest. All of which is designed to make your experience on the reformer more comfortable.

Pilates reformer – How does it work?

The reformer is an incredibly versatile piece of equipment and can be used lying down, standing, kneeling or on all fours.

Most exercises on the reformer involve some sort of pushing and/or pulling action. Other exercises involve keeping the carriage still whilst the tension of the springs works against you.

Another useful application of the reformer – and part of why it is so effective – is that it can be either assistive or resistive. In basic terms, this means that exercises can be made more or less challenging using the machine.

What does Reformer Pilates do?

Are you wondering what exactly the Pilates reformer can do for you? Feeling a bit intimidated by the equipment? This ingenious piece of machinery has many features which make exercise varied, interesting and fun.

The Pilates reformer can be assistive

Take an exercise like the “roll down”, for instance. The “roll down” involves the fluid movement of the spine from a “neutral” position in seated through to a rounded one. It is an exercise that mobilises the spine and strengthens the abdominals.

You can do this exercise on the mat without any equipment. But it is a pretty difficult one to do without over-recruiting muscles or using the wrong ones to help you cheat your way through it. On a reformer, however, you have the choice to hold on to the straps and add extra springs for support. This makes the exercise easier to execute.

So, rather than challenging your movement, the reformer in this instance is actually helping you perform the movement correctly. In doing so, you are forced to activate the right muscles – the muscles intended to work in “roll down”.

  • The Pilates reformer is supportive. The position on the reformer supports the weight of your body. Your muscles are not having to hold you upright against gravity, so you can fully relax onto the bed.
  • The Pilates reformer can assist you. The additional features of the Reformer can also support you – the bar and the foot straps can support the weight of the legs whilst you do exercises that challenge the abdominals. For example – if you were to lie on the floor doing double leg raises, the weight of both legs would be very challenging. Most people are not able to perform the exercise well and it becomes either ineffective or puts strain on the back. By adding support to the legs in the form of weighted cable the load is less – enabling you to perform the movement more effectively.
  • The reformer provides feedback. The sensory feedback that you get from having the whole of your back resting on the reformer bed means that you are getting tactile information about the position of your spine and pelvis as well as how you are moving. Straps and handles that you can pull and bars you can hold or push also give you more tactile feedback and are more satisfying movements. They also mimic the functional movements that we do on a daily basis. In contrast, mat Pilates can leave you waving your arms and legs in the air without a clear idea of where your body is in space. Finally, when you pull the straps on a reformer with your hands or feet – it produces movement of the carriage which is a bit like rowing a boat. Many people find this action both fun and soothing and it also gives you a big movement in response to your hand movements.

The Pilates reformer is challenging

The Pilates reformer works using cables attached to pulleys and a moving carriage operating on spring resistance. By setting up the carriage with more spring resistance you can create more resistance to work against, making the exercises a strength challenge.

The reformer can also be set up so that you have less stability on the moving carriage and this can make exercises more challenging. For example – performing a plank on the reformer with more springs is easier, remove the springs and you have to control the movement of the carriage more.

reformer works differently for standing exercises such as “Scooter”. This is like a running movement where one leg is placed on the floor and the other on the reformer.

Instead of aiding the movement, the leg extension phase of the exercise is resisted by the springs of the reformer. This means that, as well as teaching the body to move in the “correct” way, the force created by the reformer springs is also building strength in the leg and glute.

Other benefits of the Pilates reformer

The reformer’s moving carriage and variable spring settings create a lot of opportunities for challenging the body.
For example, movements performed on the unstable surface of the carriage in combination with a light spring are great for strengthening the body’s deep stabilising muscles. These types of exercises also promote better balance and coordination.

The Pilates reformer is fun! There are endless creative ways that this piece of equipment can be used to vary exercise. You only need to look on YouTube or Instagram to see many examples of this.

The Pilates reformer can be integrated into other types of exercise – there are many ways that the reformer can be used to enhance strength training, cardio workouts

Other important features of the reformer, such as the straps and pulleys, are designed to help improve mobility, flexibility and range of motion, and they are particularly effective at doing so.

Elements like the adjustable spring tension also mean that Pilates on the reformer can be made to work for everyone. This includes beginners, pregnant women and people with injuries.

The reformer’s official name is the “universal reformer” – and clearly with good reason. Pilates on the reformer can be adapted to work for everyone. It meets every need.

Time to try the Pilates reformer

So, you’ve had the low-down on what the Pilates reformer is and how it works. Hopefully this piece of apparatus doesn’t seem quite so terrifying anymore!

If you’ve been avoiding Pilates classes because of the look of the machines, we’re hoping you now can sign up for that reformer or equipment class with confidence. Come and try reformer Pilates in Angel, or one of our other locations.

For those reformer class regulars, we believe you’ll have got something from this too. Because knowing how the equipment works and how it interacts with you during exercises can mean better outcomes in your body. Time to get studying!

Frequently Asked Questions

Is reformer Pilates good?

  • We believe that reformer Pilates is one of the best exercises that you can do! However, we are more than a little biased. This ingenious piece of equipment offers a whole body strength workout and can be adjusted to suit everybody. The sheer variety of exercises that can be done on a reformer means you can never get bored.
  • In addition to the classic reformer exercises originally devised by Joseph Pilates, there is a seemingly never ending variety of creative variations that Pilates teachers the world over are dreaming up! The reformer uses spring resistance and cables to offer a challenging workout for those who consider themselves already fit.
  • However, whilst it looks intimidating, the reformer can also be used as an incredibly supportive piece of equipment. This makes it suitable for those who are new to exercise, recovering from illness or injury and for the older person alike.

Can I do reformer Pilates classes?

  • Yes, anyone can workout using a reformer! However, there are some things to be aware of. If you have never used a reformer it is a great idea to have some individual 1:1 sessions. This is so that you can familiarise yourself with the equipment and get some individualised tuition on the basic exercises.
  • Many fitness spaces offer reformer classes, making this format of exercise accessible to many more people. However, you should be aware that the spring settings on the reformer are the same for everybody – but these settings are best when they are individualised to you. It is possible to injure yourself by working with a setting that is too heavy for you or at a fast pace. A lot of gym based reformer classes focus on heavy resistance and fast paced exercise but most of the Pilates reformer exercises are designed to be done slowly and with control.

If you have any injuries or health conditions it is a good idea to consult with a health professional to make sure that the exercise is appropriate for you. You will also benefit from doing reformer Pilates with a healthcare professional with Pilates training, such as a physiotherapist. In addition to advising on appropriate exercise, they will be able to adjust the exercises appropriately for your body and your condition. They can also work with you to set achievable goals that you can work towards.

If you want to learn more, please visit our website gymfrog tower pilates machine.