Flame resistant (FR) clothing is a foundational way to help keep your employees safe and protected from burns caused by flash fires, electric arcs and combustible dust. These hazards can be especially prevalent in many different industries and trades like:
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Within each profession and industry, the legal requirements for safety workwear vary based on the duties each position entails. Because of these very specific requirements, there are distinct levels of flame resistance protection and a variety of FR fabrics available on the market.
The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) sets the standards and requirements that fire resistance garments must adhere to.
“Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace”, known as NFPA 70E, covers electrical safety requirements for workers, focusing on safeguards to remain productive within their respective job functions. The purpose of the standard is to provide “practical safeguarding of employees during activities such as the installation, operation, maintenance, and demolition of electric conductors, electric equipment, signaling and communications conductors.”
In short, NFPA 70E exists to protect electrical workers across all industries who work on or near electricity or energized parts/equipment capable of generating an arc flash.
NFPA 70E is considered the most widely practiced, comprehensive standard for electrical safety in the workplace. Electrical worker FR clothing must comply with these standards, which establishes CAT categories that define the level of arc rating needed by clothing to perform specific hazardous tasks. The standard identifies the distinct types of fire protective clothing needed for specific types of work.
Some of the key garment tests to comply with 70E include:
NFPA is the clothing standard for protection against flash fire hazards. This requirement is most commonly applicable to non-electrical work found in oil and gas industries, but it does encompass all potential jobs where flash fire is considered a hazard.
The purpose of NFPA is similar to 70E in that it exists to protect workers from burns caused by hazardous working conditions or materials in the workplace. It provides the minimum requirements “for the design, construction, evaluation, and verification of flame resistant garments for use by industrial personnel.” It intends to reduce burn injuries and the severity of burns for wearers.
The garment requirements laid out in NFPA are extremely stringent. FR clothing must tested and certified by a third party before being made available on the open market, and garments must defy melting, dripping, or after-flame burning, similar to 70E.
While FR garment designs do sometimes adhere to both standards, it is important to note that compliance with one standard does not mean compliance with the other.
While “flame resistance” and “flame retardant” are terms sometimes used interchangeably, there are differences. Flame resistance refers to any fabric where fibers have a natural resistance to burning when exposed to flame. Wool, for example, is highly unlikely to fully ignite because any flames introduced to a wool garment tend to be naturally extinguished by the fibers themselves.
Flame retardant fabrics, on the other hand, are made up of fibers treated by chemicals to make them exceptionally resistant to fire. They can burn, but at a much slower rate than all other fabrics and with the added ability to extinguish themselves.
If a flame is removed from either of these garment types, the fabric will stop burning. This means it will not burn on its own and wearers of these fabrics will have added protection against ignition.
Some of the leading clothing manufacturers we offer, like DRIFIRE® and SteelGuard®, design, test, and innovate FR clothing by using many types and blends of different fibers to make FR fabrics. Synthetic fibers continue to be a large portion of what comprises FR garments, but everyday fibers like cotton can also become flame resistant when flame retardant chemicals are added.
Nylon and polyester are both popular synthetic fibers that have fire resistant qualities. Plastic-based fibers (like nylon and polyester) tend to melt instead of burn, making them great for FR garment fabrics. Nylon and polyester are both popular materials used in FR clothing due to these high melting points and low thermal conductivity. Manufacturers often treat these synthetic fibers with a fire-resistant chemical for additional protection.
Aramid fibers are another type of synthetic fiber known for their resistance to high temperatures and corrosion. They are also extremely lightweight, yet high strength which make them an excellent fiber for usage in high-performance, FR fabrics. Aramid fibers are known for being stronger than steel at only a fifth the weight of steel.
Modacrylic are synthetic fibers known for their durability, comfort and protection. They have flame retardant qualities, but also are known to be comfortable due to low density of modacrylic fibers. These fibers can be easily dyed, shaped and are known to dry fast. As such, fabrics made with modacrylic fibers are commonly used in performance FR clothing and other workwear.
Cotton, by nature, is not flame resistant. It is highly flammable. However, chemically-treated FR cotton is indeed flame resistant. FR cotton feels and performs much like cotton, but with the added protection against fire making it another common fabric found in FR clothing. Some garments are 100% cotton, yet the flame retardant chemicals make those same garments flame-resistant and able to comply with FR standards. Cotton and nylon fibers are often blended to form a popular flame resistant fabric option for FR clothing manufacturers.
Most FR fabrics are often a specific blend of these kinds of fibers coated with fire-resistant chemicals. The blend ratios and chemical treatments required depend on the application of the garment and which NFPA standards to which it needs to comply.
How do flame resistant fabrics work? Essentially, FR fabrics are made up of fibers that won’t ignite – often flame retardant fibers, but sometimes a mix of both flame retardant and naturally flame resistant fibers. With all these fibers, both synthetic and natural, FR clothing manufacturers can mix and match different blends to create new and innovative fabrics that increase protection and garment performance, like enhanced moisture wicking, comfort, air flow or durability.
The properties of these fabrics tend to perform well to meet various standard measurements, including:
Self-extinguishing – Garments should extinguish themselves after 12 seconds of flame exposure.
Charring – Most FR fabrics should char (but not burn), which acts to eliminate the fire’s fuel while helping to block the heat from the fire.
Insulating properties – In certain workplace environments, insulating properties are needed to assess how well a garment can protect the wearer from the heat of flames as well as protection in freezing temperatures.
FR garments require special safety and care considerations to help the distinct types of FR fabrics retain their flame retardance. NFPA 70E standards state that garments should keep all their FR properties after 25 washes (and dries). But this is only possible if FR clothing is meticulously cleaned. Proper laundering and maintenance are necessary for FR clothing and critical for extending the longevity of the garments so that they keep you and your team safe.
Soils and stains MUST be removed entirely before FR clothing can be used in the field. A small oil stain on your flame resistant coveralls, for example, increases the risk of garment ignition. FR garments must also remain free and clear of other safety-compromising contaminants, like soap residue or calcium and magnesium salt build-up that can build up through washing or hard water.
Proper cleaning of FR garments is a bit more complicated than your standard cotton or polyester clothing items, but a uniform rental service can remove these challenges, shifting the responsibility of cleaning from your team to an experienced professional with established cleaning processes and protocols for FR fabrics.
A Vestis uniform rental program helps businesses just like yours save time and money while alleviating the challenges of cleaning, maintaining and managing critical safety apparel. Leveraging a uniform rental program, businesses can improve safety, ensure regulatory compliance and gain peace of mind knowing that all the routine maintenance and upkeep are handled by FR clothing professionals. Read more about the benefits of renting FR clothing and uniforms.
From superior fire protection to enhanced comfort and mobility, Vestis is proud to offer several FR clothing options from the industry’s top manufacturers. We are also the exclusive industrial laundry provider of rental DRIFIRE FR rental garments, a proven leader in the FR industry.
Along the way, we help ensure your facility remains compliant with all the statutory requirements related to flame resistant clothing based on your company’s protection needs. Here is how our FR uniform rental program works:
In high-risk industries, ensuring the safety and protection of your workers is the most important step you can take. One of the most crucial elements in safeguarding employees from potential hazards, such as flames and extreme heat, is the use of appropriate protective clothing. Fire-resistant fabric plays a vital role in this regard, offering a layer of defence that can prevent severe injuries and save lives.
This blog will delve into a range of fire-resistant and flame-retardant fabrics, providing you with essential information to make informed decisions about your personalised workwear choices. By exploring the benefits of these materials, we’ll help you select a high-quality uniform that not only protects your workforce but also contributes to a greener future.
Are you interested in learning more about Pure Cotton Flame Retardant Fabric? Contact us today to secure an expert consultation!
Whether you need fire-resistant high-vis workwear for industrial applications or specialised garments for firefighting, this comprehensive guide will help you choose the right fire-resistant fabric to meet your needs.
Fire-resistant fabrics are specially-engineered materials designed to withstand ignition and resist burning when exposed to fire. These fabrics are either inherently fire-resistant due to their chemical structure or treated with fire-retardant chemicals to enhance their resistance to flames. Flame-retardant fabrics, on the other hand, have been chemically treated to slow down or halt the spread of fire. Both types play a crucial role in enhancing safety in environments where exposure to fire is a significant risk.
While the terms “fire-resistant” and “flame-retardant” are often used interchangeably, they refer to different types of fabric treatment. Fire-resistant fabrics are inherently non-flammable due to their chemical composition; they do not easily ignite and will self-extinguish if they catch fire. Flame-retardant fabrics, on the other hand, are made from materials that are not naturally fire-resistant (such as cotton) but have been treated in a manner that inhibits the spread of fire.
Understanding this distinction is essential for selecting the appropriate protective clothing based on your specific workplace hazards.
The importance of fire-resistant fabrics in workplace safety cannot be overstated. In industries such as firefighting, oil and gas, electrical maintenance, and welding, workers are regularly exposed to high temperatures, sparks, and flames. Fire-resistant clothing provides a critical layer of protection, reducing the risk of burns and injuries. This protective gear can be the difference between a minor incident and a life-threatening injury, ensuring that employees can perform their duties with a greater sense of security.
Aramid fibres such as Nomex and Kevlar are renowned for their exceptional heat resistance and durability. These synthetic fibres do not ignite easily and offer excellent resistance to high temperatures.
Nomex, in particular, is widely used in firefighting gear and military uniforms due to its ability to withstand intense heat and flames without compromising wearer safety.
Kevlar, known for its strength and lightweight nature, is also employed in protective gear where strength-to-weight ratio is critical, such as body armour.
Carbon foam is prized for its outstanding thermal resistance and lightweight properties.
This material can withstand extreme temperatures and is favoured in aerospace and specialised industrial applications where heat management is crucial. Its lightweight nature makes it ideal for applications where reducing overall weight is important without sacrificing thermal protection, such as in thermal barriers and insulation for aircraft components.
PBI is known for its exceptionally high melting point and inherent resistance to combustion.
It does not burn or melt easily, making it suitable for extreme firefighting conditions and astronaut suits. PBI’s ability to maintain its integrity at high temperatures protects wearers from heat and flames, making it a preferred choice in environments where exposure to fire is frequent and intense, such as in space missions and structural firefighting.
Flame-retardant cotton, also known as treated cotton, combines the natural comfort and breathability of cotton with added flame resistance through chemical treatments. This fabric is comfortable to wear and cost-effective compared to some synthetic alternatives.
It finds widespread use in general workwear, where protection against flash fires and sparks is necessary, as well as in welding uniforms where both comfort and safety are crucial during hot work operations.
Wool is a natural fibre known for its inherent flame resistance and sustainability. It has a higher ignition temperature compared to many synthetic fibres, and it does not melt or stick to the skin when exposed to fire.
Wool garments offer natural insulation and comfort, making them suitable for protective clothing in environments with lower fire risks. Wool’s renewable and biodegradable properties contribute to its eco-friendly credentials, aligning with sustainable clothing practices.
Choosing fire-resistant fabrics that are sustainable as well as durable is crucial for ensuring workplace safety that also reduces environmental impact and manages costs.
Such textiles, by definition, withstand both tough conditions and prolonged use, reducing the need for frequent replacements and minimising costs and waste alike. By adhering to the correct guidelines for cleaning and care, you can ensure even longer-lasting protection from such garments, promoting a sustainable approach to safety.
Whether you choose fabrics with recycled content, or naturally fire-resistant wool, opting for textiles made from renewable and eco-friendly materials is key to sustainability
Responsibly disposing of fire-resistant garments at the end of their life cycle is essential. Many suppliers offer recycling programmes to ensure garments are recycled or repurposed, but you can also donate and repurpose your old clothing where possible.
Selecting the appropriate fire-resistant fabric for your business is crucial to ensure the safety and well-being of your employees. This decision involves assessing the specific risks associated with your industry, considering budget constraints, and choosing a reputable supplier.
Here’s a detailed look at each of these factors:
Understanding the specific fire hazards in your industry is the first step in choosing the right fire-resistant fabric. Each industry has its own specific requirements when it comes to the protective gear and PPE you wear on the job.
Firefighters need gear made from high-performance fabrics (like Nomex or PBI) that can withstand extreme temperatures and prolonged exposure to flames. These materials provide essential protection against the intense heat and direct flame contact encountered during firefighting operations.
Electricians require clothing that not only resists flames but also offers protection against electrical arcs. Fabrics treated with flame-retardant chemicals, such as flame-retardant (FR) cotton, are commonly used in this field to protect against arc flashes and other electrical hazards.
Workers in the oil and gas industry are exposed to flash fire hazards and require garments made from materials that provide quick self-extinguishing properties and minimal after-burn, such as aramid blends. These fabrics ensure that any ignition is quickly extinguished, reducing the risk of severe burns and injuries.
Welders need durable, heat-resistant fabrics that can protect them from sparks and spatter. Treated cotton and wool are popular choices in this industry because they offer the necessary heat resistance and comfort, ensuring that welders can work safely and efficiently.
Assessing the specific hazards and protection levels required in your industry will guide you in selecting the most appropriate fire-resistant fabric.
Balancing cost with quality and durability is essential when choosing fire-resistant fabrics, so, while the initial investment in premium fire-resistant fabrics may be higher, the extended lifespan and reduced maintenance costs associated make it a more cost-effective choice in the long run.
Not only do high-quality fire-resistant garments tend to last longer, reducing the need for frequent replacements and resulting in cost savings over time, but they also require less maintenance to retain their protective properties. Not to mention, using such higher-end, reliable fabrics ensures that your company meets safety regulations and standards, potentially avoiding costly fines and liability issues.
When it comes to choosing where to get tour fire-resistant gear from, it is crucial to ensure you end yp with high-quality garments that meet all the required safety standards. Partnering with reliable workwear suppliers like Clothes2order offers several advantages, from aforementioned quality assurance to product variety, as well as customer support and sustainability.
Ensuring worker safety in high-risk industries is essential, and using the right fire-resistant fabrics is a key factor in maintaining this security. By understanding industry-specific hazards and choosing sustainable, durable fabrics, you can protect your employees (and the planet) effectively. Partnering with reputable suppliers like Clothes2order for your personalised workwear, high-vis workwear, and PPE needs, meanwhile, ensures high-quality, compliant gear that balances cost with long-term safety and sustainability.
Contact us to discuss your requirements of Flame Resistant Fabric By The Yard. Our experienced sales team can help you identify the options that best suit your needs.